Publikationen
Es wurden 4 Publikationen gefunden
Raffelsbauer, V.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Strobl, S.; Knüsting, J.; Schorsch, M.; Trachte, K.; Scheibe, R.; Bräuning, A.; Windhorst, D.; Bendix, J.; Silva, B. & Beck, E. (2023): Trees with anisohydric behavior as main drivers of nocturnal evapotranspiration in a tropical mountain rainforest. PloS ONE 18(3), 1-1.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282397
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Abstract:
Abstract:
This study addresses transpiration in a tropical evergreen mountain forest in the Ecuadorian
Andes from the leaf to the stand level, with emphasis on nocturnal plant-water relations. The
stand level: Evapotranspiration (ET) measured over 12 months with the Eddy-Covariance
(ECov) technique proved as the major share (79%) of water received from precipitation. Irre-
spective of the humid climate, the vegetation transpired day and night. On average, 15.3%
of the total daily ET were due to nocturnal transpiration. Short spells of drought increased
daily ET, mainly by enhanced nighttime transpiration. Following leaf transpiration rather
than air temperature and atmospheric water vapor deficit, ET showed its maximum already
in the morning hours. The tree level: Due to the humid climate, the total water consumption
of trees was generally low. Nevertheless, xylem sap flux measurements separated the
investigated tree species into a group showing relatively high and another one with low sap
flux rates. The leaf level: Transpiration rates of Tapirira guianensis, a member of the high-
flux-rate group, were more than twice those of Ocotea aciphylla, a representative of the
group showing low sap flux rates. Representatives of the Tapirira group operated at a rela-
tively high leaf water potential but with a considerable diurnal amplitude, while the leaves of
the Ocotea group showed low water potential and small diurnal fluctuations. Overall, the
Tapirira group performed anisohydrically and the Ocotea group isohydrically. Grouping of
the tree species by their water relations complied with the extents of the diurnal stem circum-
ference fluctuations. Nighttime transpiration and hydrological type: In contrast to the isohy-
drically performing trees of the Ocotea group, the anisohydric trees showed considerable
water vapour pressure deficit (VPD)-dependent nocturnal transpiration. Therefore, we con-
clude that nighttime ET at the forest level is mainly sourced by the tree species with aniso-
hydric performance.
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Keywords: |
dendrometer |
Evapotranspiration |
Sap flux |
Eddy covariance |
Spannl, S.; Volland, F.; Pucha Cofrep, D.A.; Peters, T.; Cueva, E. & Bräuning, A. (2016): Climate variability, tree increment patterns and ENSO-related carbon sequestration reduction of the tropical dry forest species Loxopterygium huasango of Southern Ecuador. Trees Structure and Function e(e), e.
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DOI: DOI 10.1007/s00468-016-1362-0
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Abstract:
Abstract:
We present the first multi-year long time series
of local climate data in the seasonally dry tropical forest in
Southern Ecuador and related growth dynamics of Loxopterygium
huasango, a deciduous tree species. Local climate
was investigated by installing an automatically
weather station in 2007 and the daily tree growth variability
was measured with high-resolution point dendrometers.
The climatic impact on growth behaviour was
evaluated. Hydro-climatic variables, like precipitation and
relative humidity, were the most important factors for
controlling tree growth. Changes in rainwater input affected
radial increment rates and daily amplitudes of stem
diameter variations within the study period from 2009 to
2013. El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) related
variations of tropical Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures
influenced the trees’ increment rates. Average radial
increments showed high inter-annual (up to 7.89 mm) and
inter-individual (up to 3.88 mm) variations. Daily amplitudes
of stem diameter variations differed strongly between
the two extreme years 2009 (wet) and 2011 (dry). Contrary
to 2009, the La Nin˜a drought in 2011 caused a rapid
reduction of the daily amplitudes, indicating a total cessation
(‘growth collapse’) of stem increment under ENSOrelated
drought conditions and demonstrating the high
impact of climatic extreme events on carbon sequestration
of the dry tropical forest ecosystem.
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Keywords: |
Ecuador |
dendrometer |
dendroecology |
Climate variability |
La Nina drought |
Seasonally dry tropical forest |
Volland, F.; Bräuning, A.; Ganzhi, O.; Peters, T. & Maza, H. (2011): Radial stem variations of Tabebuia chrysantha (Bignoniaceae) in different tropical forest ecosystems of southern Ecuador. Trees 25, 39-48.
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Stem diameter increments of the broadleaved deciduous tree species Tabebuia chrysantha were measured with high-resolution dendrometers in a tropical lower montane forest and in a dry forest in southern Ecuador, the latter showing a distinct dry season. Those analyses were complemented by wood anatomical studies on regularly collected microcores to determine the season of active cambial growth and the time of formation of annual growth boundaries. The length of the cambial active period varied between 3 and 7 months at the tropical lower montane forest and 2 and 4 months in the dry forest, respectively. During dry days, amplitudes of daily stem diameter variations correlated with vapour pressure deficit. During October and November, inter-annual climate variations may lead to dry and sunny conditions in the tropical lower montane forest, causing water deficit and stem diameter shrinkage in T. chrysantha. The results of the climate– growth analysis show a positive relationship between tree growth and rainfall as well as vapour pressure deficit in certain periods of the year, indicating that rainfall plays a major role for tree growth.
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Keywords: |
Ecuador |
dendrometer |
Tabebuia chrysantha |
tropical montane forest |
wood anatomy |
dendroecology |
Bräuning, A.; Volland, F.; Peters, T.; Ganzhi, O. & Nauss, T. (2009): Climatic control of radial growth of Cedrela montana in a humid mountain rain forest in southern Ecuador.. Erdkunde 59, 337-345.
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Cedrela montana is a deciduous broad-leaved tree species growing in the humid mountain rainforests of southern Ecuador. High-resolution dendrometer data indicate a regular seasonal growth rhythm with cambial activity during January to April. Amplitudes of daily radial stem diameter variations are correlated with the amount of the maximum daily vapour pressure deficit. During humid periods, daily stem diameter variations are considerably smaller than during drier periods. This indicates that cambial activity is limited by available moisture even in such a very humid mountain climate. Wood anatomical studies on microcores show the formation of a marginal parenchyma band at the beginning of the growth period. This parenchyma band can be used to delineate annual growth rings. We were able to establish the first ring-width chronology from Cedrela montana which covers the time until 1840. However, the chronology is presently statistically robust back to 1910 only. Correlation functions calculated with NCEP/NCAR data indicate a significantly positive relationship of tree growth with temperatures during the growth period during January to April. However, only 8% of the growth variance is explained by this climatic factor. In the future, this relationship may be useful to reconstruct past temperature conditions of the study area.
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Keywords: |
Ecuador |
dendrometer |
Cedrela montana |
tropical montane forest |
wood anatomy |
tree rings |
dendrochronology |