Publikationen
Es wurden 5 Publikationen gefunden
Seidel, J.; Trachte, K.; Orellana-Alvear, J.; Figueroa, R.; Celleri, R.; Bendix, J.; Fernandez, C. & Huggel, C. (2019): Precipitation Characteristics at Two Locations in the Tropical Andes by Means of Vertically Pointing Micro-Rain Radar Observations. Remote Sensing 11(24), 2985.
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DOI: 10.3390/rs11242985
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Abstract:
Abstract:
In remote areas with steep topography, such as the Tropical Andes, reliable precipitation
data with a high temporal resolution are scarce. Therefore, studies focusing on the diurnal properties
of precipitation are hampered. In this paper, we investigated two years of data from Micro-Rain
Radars (MRR) in Cuenca, Ecuador, and Huaraz, Peru, from February 2017 to January 2019. This data
allowed for a detailed study on the temporal precipitation characteristics, such as event occurrences
and durations at these two locations. Our results showed that the majority of precipitation events
had durations of less than 3 h. In Huaraz, precipitation has a distinct annual and diurnal cycle where
precipitation in the rainy season occurred predominantly in the afternoon. These annual and diurnal
cycles were less pronounced at the site in Cuenca, especially due to increased nocturnal precipitation
events compared to Huaraz. Furthermore, we used a fuzzy logic classification of fall velocities and
rainfall intensities to distinguish different precipitation types. This classification showed that nightly
precipitation at both locations was predominantly stratiform, whereas (thermally induced) convection
occurred almost exclusively during the daytime hours
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Keywords: |
Andes |
South Ecuador |
vertically pointing K-band Doppler Radar |
rain |
Peru |
Bendix, J.; Fries, A.; Zarate, J.; Trachte, K.; Rollenbeck, R.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Paladines, R.; Palacios, I.; Orellana Alvear, J.; Oñate-Valdivieso, F.; Naranjo, C.; Mendoza, L.; Mejia, D.; Guallpa, M.; Gordillo, F.; Gonzalez-Jaramillo, V.; Dobbermann, M.; Celleri, R.; Carillo, C.; Araque, A. & Achilles, S. (2017): Radarnet Sur – first weather radar network in tropical high mountains. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98(6), 1235-1254.
Oñate-Valdivieso, F.; Fries, A.; Mendoza, K.; Gonzalez-Jaramillo, V.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Rollenbeck, R. & Bendix, J. (2017): Temporal and spatial analysis of precipitation patterns in an Andean region of southern Ecuador using LAWR weather radar. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 2017, 1-12.
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DOI: 10.1007/s00703-017-0535-8
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Abstract:
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the analysis of precipita-
tion patterns, using a Local Area Weather Radar to collect
information about the precipitation distribution in an
Andean region of southern Ecuador (cities of Loja, Zamora
and Catamayo). 54 representative events were selected to
develop daily precipitation maps and to obtain their rele-
vant characteristics, which were related to the topography
and the season. The results showed that a strong correlation
between the areas covered by precipitation (RA coef?cient)
and the season exists. In general, humid air masses come
from the east (Amazon Basin), but during the main rainy
season (December to April), humidity also frequently
enters the study region from the west (Paci?c Ocean). The
rainy season is characterized by convective precipitation,
associated with higher evaporation rates during austral
summer. The relatively dry season is formed between May
and November, but considerable precipitation amounts are
registered, too, due to advective moisture transport from
the Amazon Basin, a result of the predominant tropical
easterlies carrying the humidity up the eastern escarpment
of the Andes, generally following the natural course of the
drainage systems.
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Keywords: |
South Ecuador |
rain |
Radar Meteorology |
Makowski Giannoni, S.; Trachte, K.; Rollenbeck, R.; Lehnert, L.; Fuchs, J. & Bendix, J. (2016): Atmospheric salt deposition in a tropical mountain rainforest at the eastern Andean slopes of south Ecuador – Pacific or Atlantic origin?. Atmospheric chemistry and physics 16, 10241-10261.
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DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-10241-2016
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Sea salt (NaCl) has recently been proven to be of the utmost importance for ecosystem functioning in Amazon lowland forests because of its impact on herbivory, litter decomposition and, thus, carbon cycling. Sea salt deposition should generally decline as distance from its marine source increases. For the Amazon, a negative east–west gradient of sea salt availability is assumed as a consequence of the barrier effect of the Andes Mountains for Pacific air masses. However, this generalized pattern may not hold for the tropical mountain rainforest in the Andes of southern Ecuador. To analyse sea salt availability, we investigated the deposition of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl?), which are good proxies of sea spray aerosol. Because of the complexity of the terrain and related cloud and rain formation processes, sea salt deposition was analysed from both, rain and occult precipitation (OP) along an altitudinal gradient over a period between 2004 and 2009. To assess the influence of easterly and westerly air masses on the deposition of sodium and chloride over southern Ecuador, sea salt aerosol concentration data from the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) reanalysis data set and back-trajectory statistical methods were combined. Our results, based on deposition time series, show a clear difference in the temporal variation of sodium and chloride concentration and Na+???Cl? ratio in relation to height and exposure to winds. At higher elevations, sodium and chloride present a higher seasonality and the Na+???Cl? ratio is closer to that of sea salt. Medium- to long-range sea salt transport exhibited a similar seasonality, which shows the link between our measurements at high elevations and the sea salt synoptic transport. Although the influence of the easterlies was predominant regarding the atmospheric circulation, the statistical analysis of trajectories and hybrid receptor models revealed a stronger impact of the north equatorial Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific sea salt sources on the atmospheric sea salt concentration in southern Ecuador. The highest concentration in rain and cloud water was found between September and February when air masses originated from the north equatorial Atlantic, the Caribbean Sea and the equatorial Pacific. Together, these sources accounted for around 82.4?% of the sea salt budget over southern Ecuador.
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Keywords: |
atmospheric deposition |
rain |
sodium |
chloride |
occult precipitation |
nutrient transport |
Back trajectories |
Bendix, J.; Fabian, P. & Rollenbeck, R., Gradients of fog and rain in a tropical montane cloud forest of southern Ecuador and its chemical composition(2004), pp. H7, 1-4.
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Gradients of fog and rain along an altitudinal transect (1800 to 3185 m asl) are presented for a tropical
montane forest of southern Ecuador (ECSF area). The investigation is performed with a combination of
satellite and ground based remote sensing, in-situ measurements and numerical models. The ECSF area is
characterised by above-average cloudiness and an increase of rainfall and fog water intake with height.
Even if concentrations of soluted matters are generally low, an increase of e.g. sulfate concentrations can be
observed during special events as e.g. volcanic eruptions.
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Keywords: |
fog |
southern Ecuador |
rain |
tropical montane cloud forest |
chemical composition |