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The map shows land use/land cover (LUC) of the Loja-Zamora region in 1987. It consists of 6 LUC classes: Forest, Subparamo, Paramo, Pasture, Urban and Water. The classification is mainly based on a Landsat TM image from 1987/03/26. However, since it features high cloudiness, a composite of 8 further images around the year 1987 was used for filling the gaps.

The map is available in UTM 17S (WGS 84) projection. 
The basis for the classification was the Landsat Scene LT50100631987085XXX02 (accessed in New Earth explorer (http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/NewEarthExplorer/) from 1987/03/26. The following TM scenes were used for filling the clouded areas of 1987: 
-1985/03/20 (LT50100631985079AAA04)
-1986/12/04 (LT50100631986338XXX03)
-1986/11/02 (LT50100631986306XXX09)
-1989/12/28 (LT50100631989362XXX02)
-1990/03/02 (LT50100631990061XXX02)
-1998/07/14 (LT50100631998195XXX01)
-1998/08/15 (LT50100631998227XXX01)
-1998/12/21 (LT50100631998355XXX01)

The procedure steps 1-5 were accomplished for each of the 9 Landsat images.

Creating a classification with landsat ETM+. Preprocessing includes: 
Reprojection: Idrisi Import / Reproject, Projection: UTM 17 South (30 m pixel size)
Subsetting: Idrisi Window, min x : 684990, max x : 758010, min y: 9493010, max y: 9601610
Geometric correction: ERDAS Imagine 8.6, Geometric model: Landsat
Reference: Landsat Geocover datasets (1986, 2000, orthorectified), Digital elevation model: SRTM data, Ground Control Points: 152, Control Point Error : (X) 12.68 (Y) 13.42 (Total) 18.46 (<1 pixel), Subsetting: min x: 684990, max x: 757710,min y: 9493010, max y: 9599390
Atmospheric correction: Idrisi Atmosc (Cost model), Year: 2001, Month: 11, Day: 03, GMT: 15.00, Sun elevation:  61.8568494
Band Center (Cm) DN haze Offset Gain
1 0.485 27 -0.73807 0.11807
2 0.56 19 -0.76098 0.12098
3 0.66 12 -0.59425 0.09425
4 0.83 6 -0.60693 0.09693
5 1.65 3 -0.11912 0.01912
7 2.215 5 -0.04165 0.00665

Topographic correction: 
Statistical-empirical approach
Idrisi Hillshade
Digital elevation model: SRTM data
Sun elevation: 61.8568494
Sun azimuth: 114.5874861

CLASSIFICATION:
Step 1) Maximum likelihood classifier with 19 different training sites
Step 2) Post-classification merging to 15 and 10 classes

class  1 = Kammlage 1900-2100
class  2 = Subparamo > 2700
class  3 = Kammlagen > 2500 (gestört)
class  4 = Hanglage > 2600
class  5 = Weide
class  6 = vegetationslos (Strasse)
class  7 = ehemalige Weide (Sukzession)
class  8 = Hanglage 2200-2600
class  9 = Hanglage 1800-2100
class 10 = Kammlage 2100-2300
class 11 = Adlerfarn (Sukzession)
class 12 = Kammlage > 2300
class 13 = Weide mit Busch und Waldresten
class 14 = Rutschung
class 15 = Wasser

Creating a classification with landsat ETM+. Preprocessing includes: 
Reprojection: Idrisi Import / Reproject, Projection: UTM 17 South (30 m pixel size)
Subsetting: Idrisi Window, min x : 684990, max x : 758010, min y: 9493010, max y: 9601610
Geometric correction: ERDAS Imagine 8.6, Geometric model: Landsat
Reference: Landsat Geocover datasets (1986, 2000, orthorectified), Digital elevation model: SRTM data, Ground Control Points: 152, Control Point Error : (X) 12.68 (Y) 13.42 (Total) 18.46 (<1 pixel), Subsetting: min x: 684990, max x: 757710,min y: 9493010, max y: 9599390
Atmospheric correction: Idrisi Atmosc (Cost model), Year: 2001, Month: 11, Day: 03, GMT: 15.00, Sun elevation:  61.8568494
Band Center (Cm) DN haze Offset Gain
1 0.485 27 -0.73807 0.11807
2 0.56 19 -0.76098 0.12098
3 0.66 12 -0.59425 0.09425
4 0.83 6 -0.60693 0.09693
5 1.65 3 -0.11912 0.01912
7 2.215 5 -0.04165 0.00665

Topographic correction: 
Statistical-empirical approach
Idrisi Hillshade
Digital elevation model: SRTM data
Sun elevation: 61.8568494
Sun azimuth: 114.5874861

CLASSIFICATION:
Step 1) Maximum likelihood classifier with 19 different training sites
Step 2) Post-classification merging to 15 and 10 classes

The map shows land use/land cover (LUC) of the Loja-Zamora region in 2001. It consists of 6 LUC classes: Forest, Subparamo, Paramo, Pasture, Urban and Water. The classification is based on a Landsat ETM+ image from 2011/11/03.

The classification is based on the Landsat ETM+ image LE70100632001307EDC00 from 2011/11/03 (accessed in New Earth explorer (http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/NewEarthExplorer/). The same image was already classified by Göttlicher (2009). The difference to the classification of Göttlicher is that the scene was created for land change modelling (Meyer et al. 2011b). Therefore it was very important that especially forest and non forest could be distinguished perfectly and that the classification is comparable to a second classification of 1987 (Meyer et al. 2011). The classification of 2001 by Göttlicher was classified using expert knowledge. It was not possible to reconstruct detailed classes for the corresponding 1987 scene. Therefore this new classification of 2001 was necessary for a comparison to 1987.
The classification of Göttlicher (2009) is recommended if information of current and detailed LUC is needed. For analysis with focus on the contrast of grassland/forest distribution or for change detection matters we recommend using this new classification. 


citation: 
Göttlicher D. (2009): Landcover classification Ecuador (10 classes). Available online (http://www.tropicalmountainforest.org/data_pre.do?citid=704) from DFG-FOR816dw

Meyer H. , Thies B. , and Bendix J. (2011): Land use/land cover map of South Ecuador 1987 . Available online (http://www.tropicalmountainforest.org/data_pre.do?citid=1038) from DFG-FOR816dw. 

Meyer H. , Thies B. , and Bendix J. (2011b): Predicted land use/land cover maps of South Ecuador 2010-2100 . Available online (http://www.tropicalmountainforest.org/data_pre.do?citid=1040) from DFG-FOR816dw.

Creating a classification with landsat ETM+. Preprocessing includes: 
Reprojection: Idrisi Import / Reproject, Projection: UTM 17 South (30 m pixel size)
Subsetting: Idrisi Window, min x : 684990, max x : 758010, min y: 9493010, max y: 9601610
Geometric correction: ERDAS Imagine 8.6, Geometric model: Landsat
Reference: Landsat Geocover datasets (1986, 2000, orthorectified), Digital elevation model: SRTM data, Ground Control Points: 152, Control Point Error : (X) 12.68 (Y) 13.42 (Total) 18.46 (<1 pixel), Subsetting: min x: 684990, max x: 757710,min y: 9493010, max y: 9599390
Atmospheric correction: Idrisi Atmosc (Cost model), Year: 2001, Month: 11, Day: 03, GMT: 15.00, Sun elevation:  61.8568494
Band Center (Cm) DN haze Offset Gain
1 0.485 27 -0.73807 0.11807
2 0.56 19 -0.76098 0.12098
3 0.66 12 -0.59425 0.09425
4 0.83 6 -0.60693 0.09693
5 1.65 3 -0.11912 0.01912
7 2.215 5 -0.04165 0.00665

Topographic correction: 
Statistical-empirical approach
Idrisi Hillshade
Digital elevation model: SRTM data
Sun elevation: 61.8568494
Sun azimuth: 114.5874861

CLASSIFICATION:
Step 1) Maximum likelihood classifier with 19 different training sites
Step 2) Post-classification merging to 15 and 10 classes