Publikationen
Es wurden 6 Publikationen gefunden
Liebermann, R.; Kraft, P. & Breuer, L. (2016-09-13). Simulation von Biomasse und Treibhausgasemissionen eines FACE-Grünlandexperiments unter Grundwassereinfluss. Presented at Begutachtung LOEWE-Schwerpunkt FACE2FACE, Giessen, Germany.
Liebermann, R.; Kraft, P.; Houska, T.; Müller, C.; Kraus, D.; Haas, E.; Klatt, S. & Breuer, L. (2015-10-01). Unknown nitrogen supply - Impact on simulations in a grassland ecosystem model. Presented at 8th Annual GGL Conference 2015, Giessen, Germany.
Liebermann, R.; Kraft, P.; Houska, T.; Müller, C.; Kraus, D.; Haas, E.; Klatt, S. & Breuer, L. (2015-04-17). Uncertainty analysis of a coupled ecosystem response model simulating greenhouse gas fluxes from a temperate grassland. Presented at European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria.
Liebermann, R.; Kraft, P.; Houska, T.; Müller, C.; Haas, E.; Kraus, D.; Klatt, S.; Kiese, R. & Breuer, L. (2014-07-15). Simulating fluxes of N and C under elevated atmospheric CO2 in a coupled ecosystem response model. Presented at BIOGEOMON 2014, Bayreuth, Germany.
Jeffery, S.; Verheijen, F.G.A.; Kammann, C. & Abalos, D. (2016): Biochar effects on methane emissions from soils: A meta-analysis. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 101, 251-258
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.07.021.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.07.021
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Methane (CH4) emissions have increased by more than 150% since 1750, with agriculture being the major source. Further increases are predicted as permafrost regions start thawing, and rice and ruminant animal production expand. Biochar is posited to increase crop productivity while mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon in soils and by influencing greenhouse gas fluxes. There is a growing understanding of biochar effects on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide fluxes from soil. However, little is known regarding the effects on net methane exchange, with single studies often reporting contradictory results. Here we aim to reconcile the disparate effects of biochar application to soil in agricultural systems on CH4 fluxes into a single interpretive framework by quantitative meta-analysis.
This study shows that biochar has the potential to mitigate CH4 emissions from soils, particularly from flooded (i.e. paddy) fields (Hedge's d ¼ 0.87) and/or acidic soils (Hedge's d ¼ 1.56) where periods of flooding are part of the management regime. Conversely, addition of biochar to soils that do not have periods of flooding (Hedge's d ¼ 0.65), in particular when neutral or alkaline (Hedge's d ¼ 1.17 and 0.44, respectively), may have the potential to decrease the CH4 sink strength of those soils. Global methane fluxes are net positive as rice cultivation is a much larger source of CH4 than the sink contribution of upland soils. Therefore, this meta-study reveals that biochar use may have the potential to reduce atmospheric CH4 emissions from agricultural flooded soils on a global scale.
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Keywords: |
soil |
Biochar |
Methane |
Meta-analysis |
Standardised mean difference |
Greenhouse gas |
Keidel, L.; Kammann, C.; Grünhage, L.; Moser, G. & Müller, C. (2015): Long term CO2 enrichment in a temperate grassland increases soil respiration during late autumn and winter. Biogeoscience 12, 1257-1269
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1257-2015.
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DOI: 10.5194/bg-12-1257-2015
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Abstract:
Abstract:
Soil respiration of terrestrial ecosystems, a major component in the global carbon cycle is affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, seasonal differences of feedback effects of elevated CO2 have rarely been studied. At the Gießen Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (GiFACE) site, the effects of +20% above ambient CO2 concentration have been investigated since 1998 in a temperate grassland ecosystem. We defined five distinct annual seasons, with respect to management practices and phenological cycles. For a period of 3 years (2008–2010), weekly measurements of soil respiration were carried out with a survey chamber on vegetation-free subplots. The results revealed a pronounced and repeated increase of soil respiration under elevated CO2 during late autumn and winter dormancy. Increased CO2 losses during the autumn season (September–October) were 15.7% higher and during the winter season (November–March) were 17.4% higher compared to respiration from ambient CO2 plots.
However, during spring time and summer, which are characterized by strong above- and below-ground plant growth, no significant change in soil respiration was observed at the GiFACE site under elevated CO2. This suggests (1) that soil respiration measurements, carried out only during the growing season under elevated CO2 may underestimate the true soil-respiratory CO2 loss (i.e. overestimate the C sequestered), and (2) that additional C assimilated by plants during the growing season and transferred below-ground will quickly be lost via enhanced heterotrophic respiration outside the main growing season.
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Keywords: |
temperature |
soil |
aCO2 |
climate change |
elevated CO2 |
FACE |
soil respiration |
grassland |